/**
 *   Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Typesafe Inc. <http://typesafe.com>
 */
package com.typesafe.config;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Subtype of {@link ConfigValue} representing an object (AKA dictionary or map)
 * value, as in JSON's curly brace <code>{ "a" : 42 }</code> syntax.
 * 
 * <p>
 * An object may also be viewed as a {@link Config} by calling
 * {@link ConfigObject#toConfig()}.
 * 
 * <p>
 * {@code ConfigObject} implements {@code java.util.Map<String, ConfigValue>} so
 * you can use it like a regular Java map. Or call {@link #unwrapped()} to
 * unwrap the map to a map with plain Java values rather than
 * {@code ConfigValue}.
 * 
 * <p>
 * Like all {@link ConfigValue} subtypes, {@code ConfigObject} is immutable.
 * This makes it threadsafe and you never have to create "defensive copies." The
 * mutator methods from {@link java.util.Map} all throw
 * {@link java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException}.
 * 
 * <p>
 * The {@link ConfigValue#valueType} method on an object returns
 * {@link ConfigValueType#OBJECT}.
 * 
 * <p>
 * In most cases you want to use the {@link Config} interface rather than this
 * one. Call {@link #toConfig()} to convert a {@code ConfigObject} to a
 * {@code Config}.
 * 
 * <p>
 * The API for a {@code ConfigObject} is in terms of keys, while the API for a
 * {@link Config} is in terms of path expressions. Conceptually,
 * {@code ConfigObject} is a tree of maps from keys to values, while a
 * {@code Config} is a one-level map from paths to values.
 * 
 * <p>
 * Use {@link ConfigUtil#joinPath} and {@link ConfigUtil#splitPath} to convert
 * between path expressions and individual path elements (keys).
 * 
 * <p>
 * A {@code ConfigObject} may contain null values, which will have
 * {@link ConfigValue#valueType()} equal to {@link ConfigValueType#NULL}. If
 * {@link ConfigObject#get(Object)} returns Java's null then the key was not
 * present in the parsed file (or wherever this value tree came from). If
 * {@code get("key")} returns a {@link ConfigValue} with type
 * {@code ConfigValueType#NULL} then the key was set to null explicitly in the
 * config file.
 * 
 * <p>
 * <em>Do not implement interface {@code ConfigObject}</em>; it should only be
 * implemented by the config library. Arbitrary implementations will not work
 * because the library internals assume a specific concrete implementation.
 * Also, this interface is likely to grow new methods over time, so third-party
 * implementations will break.
 */
public interface ConfigObject extends ConfigValue, Map<String, ConfigValue> {

    /**
     * Converts this object to a {@link Config} instance, enabling you to use
     * path expressions to find values in the object. This is a constant-time
     * operation (it is not proportional to the size of the object).
     *
     * @return a {@link Config} with this object as its root
     */
    Config toConfig();

    /**
     * Recursively unwraps the object, returning a map from String to whatever
     * plain Java values are unwrapped from the object's values.
     *
     * @return a {@link java.util.Map} containing plain Java objects
     */
    @Override
    Map<String, Object> unwrapped();

    @Override
    ConfigObject withFallback(ConfigMergeable other);

    /**
     * Gets a {@link ConfigValue} at the given key, or returns null if there is
     * no value. The returned {@link ConfigValue} may have
     * {@link ConfigValueType#NULL} or any other type, and the passed-in key
     * must be a key in this object (rather than a path expression).
     * 
     * @param key
     *            key to look up
     * 
     * @return the value at the key or null if none
     */
    @Override
    ConfigValue get(Object key);

    /**
     * Clone the object with only the given key (and its children) retained; all
     * sibling keys are removed.
     *
     * @param key
     *            key to keep
     * @return a copy of the object minus all keys except the one specified
     */
    ConfigObject withOnlyKey(String key);

    /**
     * Clone the object with the given key removed.
     *
     * @param key
     *            key to remove
     * @return a copy of the object minus the specified key
     */
    ConfigObject withoutKey(String key);

    /**
     * Returns a {@code ConfigObject} based on this one, but with the given key
     * set to the given value. Does not modify this instance (since it's
     * immutable). If the key already has a value, that value is replaced. To
     * remove a value, use {@link ConfigObject#withoutKey(String)}.
     * 
     * @param key
     *            key to add
     * @param value
     *            value at the new key
     * @return the new instance with the new map entry
     */
    ConfigObject withValue(String key, ConfigValue value);

    @Override
    ConfigObject withOrigin(ConfigOrigin origin);
}
